Sexual and Reproductive Health for All: 20 Years of The Global Strategy > 자유게시판

Thirty years earlier, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), kept in Cairo, Egypt, highlighted the right of all individuals to achieve the greatest standard of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO published a reproductive health strategy - validated by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that strengthened the midpoint of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These frameworks are grounded in gender equality and recognize the unvarying value of sexual health in attaining health for all.

WHO researchers worked with Member States, civil society and neighborhoods throughout all areas to operationalize a Global Strategy to cover the five key pillars for improving SRHR:

- enhancing antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- offering household planning services

- eliminating hazardous abortion

- combatting sexually transferred infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 more notified SRHR policies and directing files in several areas and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Strategy from 2016 (building upon the initial 2006 strategy) both include language and concepts reinforcing and promoting SRHR.

" The international strategy is the foundational policy file that centres WHO's mandate for sexual and reproductive health to date," said Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text remains important in contributing to directing research study top priorities and dealing with countries to establish beneficial resources to make sure comprehensive SRHR throughout the life course."

Significant progress has actually been made over the last twenty years within each of the 5 pillars, consisting of these examples.

- The Global method came about as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the variety of people obtaining HIV has actually fallen by 38% considering that 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's emphasis on eliminating STIs consisting of HIV.

- As of March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have included the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their regular immunization schedules, significantly advancing efforts to remove cervical cancer as a public health risk.

- Prioritizing family planning services and birth control gain access to led to WHO's Family planning: a global handbook for suppliers reference guide, which has actually been shared over a million times. Accordingly, the proportion of ladies utilizing modern contraceptive approaches increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a broader variety of contraceptive choices is now offered.


A 2020 research study discovered that there has actually been a worldwide decrease in unintentional pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion regimens have actually improved international access to abortion, and over 60 countries have liberalized abortion laws in the past thirty years in line with evidence on the value of such efforts to ensure the health of females and teen ladies.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, credited the Strategy and WHO for helping generate crucial scientific proof on SRHR that has added to a few of these shifts. "A few of the excellent advances that we've seen - consisting of the way civil society has actually used up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are due to the Strategy and the organized generation of evidence over these past twenty years," she said.

Despite early gains, however, current years have actually seen indications of stagnation. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal death rate visited 34% worldwide - but a 2023 report found that development has mainly stalled considering that. The worrisome pattern was highlighted during a recent event showcasing worldwide datasets on the advancement of SRHR because ICPD. High maternal death rates continue a couple of nations and sexual health problems, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are typically neglected or normalized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, scientist at WHO and HRP, noted in a recent commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR agenda stays incomplete and in some circumstances has actually fallen back due to geopolitical stress, economic slumps, the worldwide food crisis, climate change, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging chances to catalyse progress - for example, by improving human rights-based methods in SRHR and embedding principles like non-discrimination, consisting of in crisis circumstances. health systems with a main health-care method can boost equity and broaden access to detailed SRHR services. New innovations and alternative service shipment approaches can enhance SRHR by expanding access, option and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus locations within SRHR consist of research study on the transformative role of expert system and ingenious contraception methods, further work on strengthening health systems, and the withstanding prioritization of positive pregnancy and childbirth experiences.

At a more comprehensive level, Dr Allotey called for a continued focus on the foundational importance of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health need to never ever be relegated to the margins of healthcare, however acknowledged as vital for the total well-being of people and the communities in which they live," she said.